目录

JSP - 发送电子邮件( Sending Email)

在本章中,我们将讨论如何使用JSP发送电子邮件。 要使用JSP发送电子邮件,您应该在计算机上安装JavaMail APIJava Activation Framework (JAF)

在新创建的顶级目录中下载并解压缩这些文件。 您将找到两个应用程序的jar文件。 您需要在CLASSPATH中添加mail.jaractivation.jar文件。

发送简单电子邮件

以下是从您的计算机发送简单电子邮件的示例。 假设您的localhost已连接到Internet,并且它足以发送电子邮件。 确保CLASSPATH中的Java Email API包和JAF包中的所有jar文件都可用。

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,javax.mail.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.mail.internet.*,javax.activation.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%
   String result;
   // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
   String to = "abcd@gmail.com";
   // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
   String from = "mcmohd@gmail.com";
   // Assuming you are sending email from localhost
   String host = "localhost";
   // Get system properties object
   Properties properties = System.getProperties();
   // Setup mail server
   properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);
   // Get the default Session object.
   Session mailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
   try {
      // Create a default MimeMessage object.
      MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
      // Set From: header field of the header.
      message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
      // Set To: header field of the header.
      message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
                               new InternetAddress(to));
      // Set Subject: header field
      message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");
      // Now set the actual message
      message.setText("This is actual message");
      // Send message
      Transport.send(message);
      result = "Sent message successfully....";
   } catch (MessagingException mex) {
      mex.printStackTrace();
      result = "Error: unable to send message....";
   }
%>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>Send Email using JSP</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <center>
         <h1>Send Email using JSP</h1>
      </center>
      <p align = "center">
         <% 
            out.println("Result: " + result + "\n");
         %>
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

现在让我们将上面的代码放在SendEmail.jsp文件中,并使用URL http://localhost:8080/SendEmail.jsp调用此JSP。 这将有助于向给定的电子邮件ID abcd@gmail.com发送电子邮件。 您将收到以下回复 -

<h1 align="center">Send Email using JSP</h1>
<p align="center">Result: Sent message successfully....</p>

如果要向多个收件人发送电子邮件,请使用以下方法指定多个电子邮件ID -

void addRecipients(Message.RecipientType type, Address[] addresses)
throws MessagingException

以下是参数的说明 -

  • type - 将设置为TO,CC或BCC。 这里CC表示碳复制,BCC表示黑碳复制。 示例Message.RecipientType.TO

  • addresses - 这是电子邮件ID的数组。 在指定电子邮件ID时,您需要使用InternetAddress()方法

发送HTML电子邮件

以下是从您的计算机发送HTML电子邮件的示例。 假设您的localhost已连接到Internet,并且它足以发送电子邮件。 确保CLASSPATH中的Java Email API packageJAF package中的所有jar文件都可用。

此示例与前一个示例非常相似,不同之处在于我们使用setContent()方法设置第二个参数为"text/html"的内容,以指定HTML内容包含在消息中。

使用此示例,您可以根据需要发送大量HTML内容。

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,javax.mail.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.mail.internet.*,javax.activation.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%
   String result;
   // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
   String to = "abcd@gmail.com";
   // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
   String from = "mcmohd@gmail.com";
   // Assuming you are sending email from localhost
   String host = "localhost";
   // Get system properties object
   Properties properties = System.getProperties();
   // Setup mail server
   properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);
   // Get the default Session object.
   Session mailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
   try {
      // Create a default MimeMessage object.
      MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
      // Set From: header field of the header.
      message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
      // Set To: header field of the header.
      message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
      // Set Subject: header field
      message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");
      // Send the actual HTML message, as big as you like
      message.setContent("<h1>This is actual message</h1>", "text/html" );
      // Send message
      Transport.send(message);
      result = "Sent message successfully....";
   } catch (MessagingException mex) {
      mex.printStackTrace();
      result = "Error: unable to send message....";
   }
%>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>Send HTML Email using JSP</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <center>
         <h1>Send Email using JSP</h1>
      </center>
      <p align = "center">
         <% 
            out.println("Result: " + result + "\n");
         %>
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

现在让我们使用上面的JSP在给定的电子邮件ID上发送HTML消息。

在电子邮件中发送附件

以下是从您的计算机发送带附件的电子邮件的示例 -

<%@ page import = "java.io.*,java.util.*,javax.mail.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.mail.internet.*,javax.activation.*"%>
<%@ page import = "javax.servlet.http.*,javax.servlet.*" %>
<%
   String result;
   // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
   String to = "abcd@gmail.com";
   // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
   String from = "mcmohd@gmail.com";
   // Assuming you are sending email from localhost
   String host = "localhost";
   // Get system properties object
   Properties properties = System.getProperties();
   // Setup mail server
   properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);
   // Get the default Session object.
   Session mailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
   try {
      // Create a default MimeMessage object.
      MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
      // Set From: header field of the header.
      message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
      // Set To: header field of the header.
      message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
      // Set Subject: header field
      message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");
      // Create the message part 
      BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
      // Fill the message
      messageBodyPart.setText("This is message body");
      // Create a multipart message
      Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
      // Set text message part
      multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
      // Part two is attachment
      messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
      String filename = "file.txt";
      DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
      messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
      messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
      multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
      // Send the complete message parts
      message.setContent(multipart );
      // Send message
      Transport.send(message);
      String title = "Send Email";
      result = "Sent message successfully....";
   } catch (MessagingException mex) {
      mex.printStackTrace();
      result = "Error: unable to send message....";
   }
%>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>Send Attachment Email using JSP</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <center>
         <h1>Send Attachment Email using JSP</h1>
      </center>
      <p align = "center">
         <%out.println("Result: " + result + "\n");%>
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

现在让我们运行上面的JSP,将文件作为附件发送,并在给定的电子邮件ID上发送消息。

用户认证部分

如果需要向电子邮件服务器提供用户ID和密码以进行身份​​验证,则可以按如下方式设置这些属性 -

props.setProperty("mail.user", "myuser");
props.setProperty("mail.password", "mypwd");

其余的电子邮件发送机制将保持如上所述。

使用表单发送电子邮件

您可以使用HTML表单接受电子邮件参数,然后您可以使用request对象获取以下所有信息 -

String to = request.getParameter("to");
String from = request.getParameter("from");
String subject = request.getParameter("subject");
String messageText = request.getParameter("body");

获得所有信息后,您可以使用上述程序发送电子邮件。

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